Printing-telegraph.



D. s. HULFISH. PRINTING TELEGRAPH. APPLICATION FILED .001. 23, 1909.RENEWED DEG. 30, 1913. 1@ ,5 H Patented Aug. 25,1914.

2 SHEETSSHEBT l.

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D s. HULFISH. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

APPLICATION FILED 00123, 1909. RENEWED DEO. 30, 1913. 1L 1@8,58@, IPatented Aug. 25, 19M.

2 SHEETSSHBET 2.

WUUM+WE DAVID S. HUIiEISH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MOMEEN 8cMILLER, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A COIPARTNERSHIP CQIVEPOSED OF SALMUEL G. MOMEEN ANDKEMLPSTER B. MILLER.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

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Application filed .0ct ber 23, 1909,

Specification of Letters Patent. serial No. 524,146. Renewed December80, 19131 Serial No. 809,588.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914i,

To all whom z't-may concern .Be it'known that I, DAVID S. HULFISH,

citizen of the United States of America, and

a resident of Chicago, a State of Illinois, have county of Gook, andinvented a new and useful Improvement in Printing-Telegraphs,

of which the following is a specification.

By automatic telegraphy, of conveying intelligence trically by a devicein which not the signals are I mean a system to a distanceelectransnntting or signal sending directly controlled manually, but aresent to the line automatic device.

conductors by some mechanical or so-called Particularly I have referenceto devices in which signals are sent tom in which the receivingperforated insulating tapes, signaling transmitting device y I meanatelegraph sysdevice, when controlled by signaling currents from the lineconductors, produces a record in the legible characters of some acceptedlanguage,

as the letters of the English alphabet.

such

would except from this classification systems in which the Englishautomatically in the code of transmission.

language is written manual Morse By rapid telegraphy, I mean telegraphicsystems in which speed of transmission is an important factor, andsystems in which speeds higher than manual spee are attained by reasonof the automatic nature of the transmitting vices. 1 1

Printin te egrap 1 regard td the method of rinted characters may intotwo classes: the

roducing t and receiving desystems considered Iiln e be divided broadlyfirst of .these classes includes systems employing a plurality ofprinting types, plete letter or character and each type representing acomcontrolled electrically over the telegraph transmission condoctors soand successively to print that the types are operated singly on thereceiving surfaces. ,The action of the receiving device in this class ofprinting telegraphs may. be likened to.the action of an ordinarytypewriter.

The second class of printing telegraph systems includes systems havin acomparatively small number of equivalent devices, each 0 rinting typesor such types reprem'ents', each common to a number of letters orcharacters. In such s stems, the greater anu-mbe'r of letters andcharacters are produced by printin in proper relation, a plurality ofthe sma ler number of component printing types representing respectivecomponent parts or elements of the complete characters. The systemsdifi'er among themselves in the number of printing types, in I theconformation of the printing faces thereof, and in the methods ofcombining the component strokes to form a complete letter or character.

My invention pertains to the second of these classes of systems. Whileit involves certain limitations in. the matter of type faces from whichthe characters are produced, its oints of novelty lie principally 1n themet: anical and electrical means by which the various printing elementsare actuated to produce a legible received record, the elementsthemselves being adapted to a method of printing which is amenable to mymethod of electnc'al and mechanical control.

With reference to the method of combining the component ty es, systemsof the second class may be su -divided into those systems in which eachtype may appear but once in the resultant letter or character and thosesystems in which each component may be printed a plurality of times 111different positions in the resultant character.

An alphabet and the component symbols going to make up the alphabet havebeen designed, involving but four component symbols or pen-face forms.The simplest form of receiving and rintin device for this system ofsymbols 1s fou'n in the second subdivision, namely, that in which thesame printing pen may be used repeatedly in the same character, this aplication permitting the reduction of tihe number of printing pens tofour. Withsuch a system, the receiving tape may move intermittently instep-by-step fashion or it may move continuously, the strokes of theprinting types being roperly timed to secure their relation to eacother.

In the four-pen printingtelegraph system herein contemplated anddisclosed, some of the pens are straight lines and some of them arecomposed of a plurality of elements, as by combining two straight lineelements to 19 number of such pens 35 a continuously 5 ingelectromagnets, each of I. tor through one pair at the 5 graph systems,

carrying a plurality of elements is printed, another type may be printedupon the portion of them. This method of combining the elements is animportant feature inthe 5, reduction of the total number of elements toa number so low as four. Inasmuch as each printing type or pen, in aprinting telegraph system, must be operated selectively from thetransmitting station, a reduction in the will result in a correspondingreduction of the line control requirements and in consequentsimplification of the devices of the system. In a system having but fourprinting pens, and having moving receiving tape, but four operatingmagnets are required for operating the pens selectivel whereby thecomponent imprints are se ected and are placed properly upon thereceiving surfaces to combine into letters and characters, formingintelligible records.

A complete system embodying my invention'would comprise, as a whole, (1)a punching device for perforating transmittingtape in accordance withthe predetermined code; (2) an electrical transmitter or contact-makingdevice which makes and breaks electrical circuits in accordance with theholes punched .in the transmitting tape;

so (3,), a line conductor and a return conductor',the latter of whichmay be the earth, and proper sources of electric current; (4) anelectromagnetic. receiving device com prising four printing pens andfour printwhich controls a printing pen; said magnets being classifiedinto two pairs, each pair comprising a positive and a negative printingmagnet; (5)

mechanical means for moving the receiving 40 tape continuously in frontof the printing pens, a moving surface thusbeing presented for printing;(6) a device for connecting the line conductor, first, to one pair ofthe printing electromagnets, and then to the remaining pairdisconnecting the first pair and so alternating between the two pairs ofprinting electromagnet's in synchronism with the received. pencontrolling electric impulses and under the control of those im-'pulses.

The specific feature of improvement in the system here shown, andwhichis my invention' is the device for switching the circuit f the lineconductor to the return conduc time of the two pairs of printingelectromagnets, ,.a;nd for obtaining and maintaining proper synchrd'nism of the sending and receiving units in order that the receivingunits connected to C0 the line at any instant'may be thoseunits adaptedto respond properly to signals possible of transmission from theautomatic transmitter at that instant.

My invention pertains to printing teleand provides a novel receiv-'ment. At the transmitting end i, ioaeso ing system for single wireprinting telegraphy where the transmission is accomplished by successivepulsations of current having a predetermined relation to currentdirection and time intervals.

My object is to provide a self-synchronizing receiving device fortranslating into printed symbols electrical impulses received over atransmission line from a uniformly operating transmitter such as a tapetransmitter. At the receiving end I provide a tuned reed with propellingelectromagnet,

and circuits therefor whereby signal currents from the transmission lineoperate to set the reed in vibration and to continue its vibrat1onthroughout he ensuing transm1s sion; local circuits controlled by thereed the equip- I provide in vibracontain the printing units of specialmeans for setting the reed tion preparatory to printing signaltransmission, but I shall show that the special starting provision atthe transmitting end may be dispensed with, thus showing the device ofmy invention to be automatically self-synchronizing.

The punch for perforating the tape I have not illustrated. Such devicesare well known and may be adapted to my system by a proper arrangementof cutting parts. 5

Furthermore my system may be operated by tape punched manually with adevice such as a conductors ticket punch. The remaining elements'of an.improved system embodying my invention I have shown or indicated in thefollowing drawings which accompany and form a part of this specificationIn Fig. 1, 10 is a revolving, transmit ting drum containing fourconducting rings connected to two batteries, 11 and 12. The brush 13 isheld out of contact with the rings by non-conducting tape 14, except ascontact is permitted by holes punched in the tape 14. The arrangement ofthe holes in the tape l4-is shown in Fig. 2. ;The holes are in fourrows, 1-2-34, and occur. as indicated by circles in the tape. The holesin rows '1 and 2 conducting rings and thence to brushes 1 2 and thus tobattery 11,,which is positive to line and negative to ground, while theholes in rows 3 and 4 in similar manner permit connection of brush 13 tobattery 12, which permit contact of brush 13. to

is negative to line and positive to ground. The device is aprinter,having four magnets, M M M M, connected in pairs in series with the linethrough contacts controlled by the tuned reed 16; the function of thetuned reed 16 is to remove from the line alternatively the pairs ofprinting magnets M 1W and M M.- The vibrating reed 16 is of magneticmaterial, is polarized by the permanent magnet 17 and is propelled bythe electromagnet 18. Its contact springs 19 and 20 have fined stops 1920 which prevent the springs from following the reed. The springs 19-20are flexible .and yield to the reed so that one or the other always isin electrical connection with the line 21, and at the central positionor normal position of rest of the reed both springs are thus inconnection. i

The transmitting drum 10 has a fixed speed, and the transmitting tape ofFig. 2 therefore has a fixed speed. The transverse .lines on the taperepresent time units in the movement of the tape and the reed 16 shallbe tuned to one cycle per four time units of the transmitting tape. Intransmission each strip of perforated tape preferably is prefaced by aseries of punchings similar to that shown in the tape a of Fig. 2. Thistape, moving in the direction of the arrow, operates first through itshole on rmv 3 to connect battery 12 to line, giving an impulse through12, 3 13, 21, 1G, 20, 18. M M and earth, and also through the shunt path19, 18, M M, earth, the direction of current being through the elementsin the reverse order from their enumeration. This results instrengthening the south pole of the electromagnet 18 and in attractingthe magnetic reed 16.. Thisimpulse immediately is followed by onethrough a hole in row 2, the impulse flowing over the circuit 11, 213,21, 16, 20, 18,14, M earth, but, being in the reverse direction, thisimpulse causes eleetromagnet 18 to repel magnetic reed 16. As the lapsedtime of these two impulses is but half of the period of the tunedreed,-and as the effect of the impulses has been to draw the reed fromits center position and again to drive it back to its center position,an interval of two similar time units is permitted to lapse, giving timefor the reed to pass beyond its center and into contact with spring 19on the third time unit and to return to center on the fourth time unit.On the fifth time unit a hole on row 3 again permits an impulse through20 and 18, attracting the reed, and onthe sixth time unit a hole in row2 permits an impulse over, the same path, repelling the reed, and

during the two following impulses, when by the motion of the reed theline circuit is switched from 20 to19,no impulses are sent.

The reed-starting holes of tape a are repeated, attracting the reed onthe last half margin of adjustment.

of its swing approaching 18, and repelling it on the first half of itsswing receding from 18, until the reed has time to gain full amplitude,after which signal tape of the nature of Z2 of Fig. 2 may be passedthrough the .transmitter. Theroperation of the reed 16 is maintained bythis signal tape by reason of the repeated though intermittentrecurrence of holes on rows 3 and 2. Every such hole occurs at-suchtimeas to give the reed 16 an additional impulse, and the currents inholes in rows 1 and 1 do not interfere with the operation of the reedsince impulses through these holes pass through resistance 18 andnot'through electromag net 18. The resistance 18 is introduced into thecircuit to balance electromagnet 18.

If a tape of the character of b were started through the transmitter 10without the preliminary impulses of the tape a, the starting of the reed16 would occur by reasonof the intermittent impulses from all theperforations, and it would occur in proper synchronization for thefollowing reasons: It would be attracted [only by impulses from battery12, which could come only through holes 4- v and 3. An impulse throughholed would be neutralized by the next succeeding hole 3, thusstoppingtlie reed, while an impulse from hole 3 would be supplemented bythe next succeeding hole 2, thus continuing the motion of the reed.Preferably the starting of the tuned reed 16 should be definitelyprovided for by preliminary control, as provided by tape a. The. tuningof the reed to the transmitter speed, or the adjustment of thetransmitter'speed to the frequency of the reed should be as close as ispracticable, but an exact adjustment is not required, as the reed willvibrate in unison with its propelling power if within a suflicientlyclose It will be observed first letters received will be mutithe reed isstarted from rest by-the that the lated if introduction of the messagetape However, after the normal rate of vibration of the reed isattained, either by the use of a synchronizing tape A or by passing aportion of tape B through the transmitter, the characters becomeperfectly legible. It is, therefore, as has been stated before,preferable to use a synchronizing tape such as A preliminarily to theuse of the message tape B. In synchronizing by the use of a tape A,certain pens will be printed on the receiving surface, but these in noway interfere with the legibility'of the record obtained when tape B ispassed through the transmitter after such synchronization has beenattained.

The operation of the transmitting device shown atlQ and associated partsin Fig. 1, and of the receiving device shown in vertical section in Fig.2 and in horizontal section in Fig. 1considering those devices asidefrom any circuit through whielrthey may be associated, is as follows:Four polar ized magnets hold in suspense under tension four printingpens having printing faces adapted to form imprints of the shapes shownin Fig. 6 are arranged as they are shown. An alphabet may be produced,shown in full in lFig. 5, and shown in part in supplemental lettersadjacent the tape Z) of Fig. 2, by imprinting the pens selectively andat proper intervals, upon a moving tape. Referring to Fig. 3, the tape120 moves with uniform speed toward the left across the face of anvil121. inking ribbon 122, similar to the ribbon of a typewriter, alsomoves but preferably at a slow speed. The impact of any pen through theribbon 122 upon the tape 1%? supported by the anvil 121, will produceupon the tape a print whose shape is determined by the shape of the penface.

The printing pens may be actuated by the line currents direct, withoutrelays, and are operable selectively in two features,-that of theselection of the pen and that of the selection of the proper instant forimprinting it upon the moving tape. The letter A of Fig. 2 is composedof four imprints, two from pen it, one from pen P and one from pen P Theletter G -is printed by pens P P, P successively at proper instants. Theletter H is formed bytwo P s and one 1. An acceptable alphabet andnumerals for recording intelligence in the English language may beformed; such an alphabet is illustrated in Fig. 5.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a printing telegraph system, a vibrating reed; electricalswitching contacts controlled by said reed; a circuit including twoprinting magnets and closed by said reed during one-half of thevibrating period of said reed; and'another circuit including twoprinting magnets and closed during the alternative half of the vibratingperiod of said reed, substantially as described.

2. In a printing telegraph system, a single line wire; two groups ofprinting magnets; a switching member adapted to bring said groupsalternately into operative relation with one end of said line; a magnetassociated with said line controlling said switch-- ing member; aperforated tape transmitter at the other end of said line; saidtransmitter including means for sending periodic impulses over saidline. for the operation of said switching member and also includingmeans for'sending a )eriQdic impulses over said line for cont-rollingsaid printing magnets.

3. In a printing'telegraph system, a line wire; two groups of printingmagnets; a vibratory member adapted to bring said groups alternatelyinto operative relation with one end of said line-wire; a magnet,

noraoeo receiving its current from said line wire, for controlling saidswitching member; a perforated tape transmitter at the other end of saidline wire; .means controlled by the tape of said transmitter forsendingcurrent impulses to maintain the rapid vibration of saidswitching member,-and means also controlled by said tape for sendingimpulses for operating said printing magnet selectively to form printedcharacters.

4. lln 'a printing telegraph system, a vibrating reed connected to thetelegraph line; alternative paths through receiving printin'g magnets;electrical contacts on said reed whereby said reed connects thetelegraph line-to said paths alternatively when said reed is invibration; and a propelling magnet forsaid reed and included in one ofsaid paths,

substantially as described.

5. In a printing telegraph system, a polarized vibrating reed;a'propelling electromagnet therefor; and a line circuit including thetelegraph line, said propelling electromagnet andelectrical contactscontrolled by said reed, substantially as, described.

6. in a printing telegraph system, a polarized vibrating reed; apropelling electiomagnet therefor; electrical contacts controlled bysaid reed; a circuit including the line wire, said contacts and saidpropelling magnet, said circuit being closed by saidcontacts duringone-half of the period of vibration of said reed, substantially asdescribed. i

7. In a printing telegraph system, a polarized vibrating reed; apropelling electromagnet therefor; electrical contacts conv trolled bysaid reed; a circuit including the line wire,-said' contacts and saidpropelling magnet, said circuit being closed by said contacts duringone-half of the period of vibration of said reed, said one-half beingthe time period while said reed is moving from its center of vibrationtoward said propelling magnet and thence returning; and means fortransmitting electrical impulses over the telegraph line to cause saidpropelling magnet to attract said reed dur- -ing the first half of saidclosed-circuit interval, and to repel said. reed during the second halfof said closed circuit interval,

substantially as described.

8. In a printing telegraph system, a polarized vibrating reed; apropelling electromagnet therefor; electrical ontac'ts controlled bysaid reed; a circuit including the line wire, said contacts and saidpropelling magnet, said circuit being closed by said contacts, duringone-half of the period of vibration of said reed, said one-half beingthe time period while said reed is moving from its center of vibrationtoward said propelling magnet and thence returning; and means fortransmitting printing signal currents overs-aid line during said closedcircuit interval of said propelling magnet, said circuits being alwaysin direction to cause said magnet to attract said reed during the firsthalf of said closed circuit interval, and to repel said reed during thesecondhalf of said closed circuit interval, substantially as described.

for sending impulses over said line wire for the selective operation ofsaid printing magnets, some of said impulses being so timed as to aid inmaintaining the constant vibration of said switching member.

Signed by me at Chicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, in thepresence of two 9. In a printing telegraph system, a line witnesses.

switching member conline Wire; two pairs 0 alternately wire; a vibratingtrolled over said printing magnetsadapted to be brought into operativerelation with said line wire by said switching 'member;'means DAVID S.HULFISH.

Witnesses:

LEONA EKsTRoM, EDITH F. GRIER.

